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l Y s. G. REYNOLDSf MACHINE FOR MAKING NAILS.

No. 64,035. Y PatentedApf. 23, 1867.

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SAMUEL G. REYNOLDS, OF BRISTOL, RHODE ISLAND. l `Letters Patent IVO. 64,035', dated April 23, 1867; antedaterl April 8, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES POR MAKING NAILS.

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T0 ALL WHO IT 'MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, SAMEL G. REYNOLDS, of Bristol, in thecounty of Bristol, and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Method of Making the Heads of Nails, Bolts, Rivets, &c., Ste.; and I, do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the same, refervence being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a plan of the essential parts of a nail machine arranged with my improvements.

Figure 2 is a vertical section and elevation of the same; and

Figure 3 is a like view, with the heading parts removed, to give an unobstructed view of the parts to which my improvements 'relate Similar letters indicate corresponding parts i-n all the figures.

The u sual mode of making the heads of nails, bolts, rivets, Ste., by upsetting the metal, is by griping the piece of metal in a die, with the end protruding, so that it may be crushed or upset with a suitable header. But by this method the size of the head must necessarilybe limited, as the metal will cripple or bend when it protrudes sufficiently to form a large head.

My invention'relates to the mode of constructing and operating the gripiug die or part by which the piece of metal is held while being headed, to 4make a large head without crippling or bending the metal, and consists in constructing the griping or moulding die, whichv holds and compresses the piece of metal to be headed, with a number of movable sections on the side where the head is formed, and while the header advances and is crushingor upsetting the end of the metal; in removing the sections of' the diel from the piece of metal one after the other, in a manner to uncover more and more of the metal, and thus make a number of consecutive upsets, so as to convert asfmuch of the length of the piece of metal into a head as may be required to make one of the size desired without crippling or bending the metal, and by that means making an unsound head.

The said improvements are more particularly applicable to the machinery for making wrought-iron nails invented by me,rand described in Letters Patent No. 8,677', and dated January 20, A. D. 1852, as follows, and with reference to the accompanying drawings:

The rod or plate of heated metal is fed through a space between two stationary cutters Za ib, below which vbrates a double-edged cutter, K, by which a piece to forn a nail is out oi at each motion, the rod or plate being vibrated at each out so as t'o give the taper alternately on opposite sides. With each of the stationary cutters b bis combined a griping die, S, and with the movable cutter K are combined two dies m, one 0n each side,'and inclined to the cuttingedges in opposite directions, so that, as the movable cutter K moves in one direction a piece is cut oil` from the rod or plate, carried along, and finally griped on two faces, between o'ne face of the movable cutter K and one of those attached to one of the stationary cutters b 6, and on the other two faces between the under face of the stationary cutter b Iz and one of the dies attached to the movable cutter K, and 4there compressed so as to give the required form to the shank. The head is then formed on the thick end by a punch or header, t, the moment the griping takes place. kOn the return motion of the movable cutter the nail is discharged,` and another Vnail is formed in the same way'on the other side, the rod or plate of iron having been vibrated iu the mean time to make the taper on the opposite side. The movable cutter K attached to acarriage, l, formed-of two bars, adaptedV to slide in the frame.l The head is formed on the large end by means of a header, t, attached to the upper end of the ,lever u, that turns on a fulcrurn pin at v, and operated to upset the head by a cam onthe main shaft. A

It is evident that if the heading end of the piece of metal protrudes at some length from the griping die y S, or suiricientlyso to make a large head, it .will be liable to cripple or .'bend, instead of being regularly upset, and an unsound head will bemade in consequence. And to avoidthis, I make use ofa compound griping or moulding die, that is suiiiciently wide to permit only a. short piece of the metal to protrude' therefrom, not enough` to be liable tobend, and I construct'the said griping dio S with one or more movable sections or sliding pieces nl 11.2,-that are moved into position tocomplete the formation of the die by means of the studs z' (in dotted lines) on the sliding carriage l, and are held in such position by the sliding block D, which has a corresponding movement with the header, from the' same `source of motion, `nntilthe header has advanced so far as to properly upset-so much of the metal as protrdes from the die,wheu theblock-'D slides from behindthe first section nl,

and permitsvit to recede by the action of the spring gl, as shown at fig. 1, andthus uncover from the die a 'engtlx of the metal equal to the width of thc section with which to continue the upsetting operation; and when this portion is upset, the header has so far advanced as to remove the sliding blockfrom the rear of the next section n2, whichrecedes by the action of its spring g3, and uncovers more of the metal from the die', to make'another upset, and be converted into a head in like manner, by the continued movement of the header;

I and thus the'operation continues until a suilicient length of the metal has been upset to make the head of the required sizegvafter whichthe two parts of the die separate by the return of tliemovable cutter, and the nail is discharged from the die. At the same movement of the slidingcarriage the movable sections n are returned to their former position, as component parts of the die, andthe sliding block returns by the action of the spring P, with the receding movementot the header, to its former position behind the sections n, to hold them firmly and solidly in'position to grip the succeeding piece of metal, which, by the return movement, is cut from the plate j', and afterwards subjected to a like operation with that just described, to make a' head*- thereon. Y

Having thus described my improvement, it should bc understood that the said movable sections are co'lnponent parts of the compound griping die that holds the piece of metal to be headed, so that no more of the `metal `protrudes from the die at any time than can be regularly upset without bending, and, as such, are to be distinguished from an independent piece` or support between the die and the header, for enclosing a long protruding end, and controlling the crippling or bending of the same beneath the header, as it advances to crush it -into the for'mof a head, which, as a means and mode of making a head, is hereby disclaimed. And I also wish-it understood that the said compound die is. susceptible of manifold variations of form or construction, without changing its character or affecting its ability to perform its. function substantially in the manner and with the effect ,described and `set forth. v

'What'I claim, and desire to securebyoLetters Patent, isA

Making the head of nails, bolts, rivets, ttc., &c.', by a number of: consecutive upsets ot' a. long piece of metal, by liberating or uncovering from the enclosure of the die more and more of the metal, as the header advances to upsetthe same, by means of successively recediug'sections, ofwhich the die is in part composed, v

or their equivalents, substantially as described.

I also claim the sliding block, substantially as described, in combination with the compound griping or moulding die, thesprings g1g, and heading lever or their equivalents, as described, for the purpose of oper-'- ating the movable sections of said die, substantially in the manner and'with the e'ect herein set lforth andi described. Y v 4 In testimony whereof I' have hereunto slet my hand this thirtieth day of January, A. D. 1866.

S. Gi REYNOLDS.

Witnesses IsAAc A. BuowNELL, D. K, Hoxsm. 

